WHAT ARE IMPACT FEES?
- A one-time fee imposed by the City on new construction to fund the cost of infrastructure to meet the needs of new development
- Based on providing the same level of service to the new development as is provided in the city currently
- The list of potential projects is defined by the City’s capital improvement program (CIP), which is largely defined in master plans
- Utility plans
- Parks and Recreation plan
- Transportation master plan
- Other facilities plans
HOW FEES ARE CALCULATED
- City must use an impact fee consultant who:
- Apportions costs of improvements that are attributable to growth
- Determines what portions benefit existing city residents
- Verifies the city’s growth projections over a ten-year period
- Formula is basically: Cost of projects attributable to growth ÷ Number of units of growth expected* = impact fee per unit
*Can be dwelling units, square feet, plumbing fixtures, impervious surface, trip generation, etc. - What other cities do is irrelevant in the statute
KEY STATUTORY PROVISIONS
- Can’t cure existing deficiencies
- Can’t raise the level of existing service
- Cannot include any on-going or overhead
- Can only charge impact fees for fire apparatus greater than $500,000 in cost to commercial development
- Must notify and involve key stakeholder groups
- Must consider all available revenue sources in the study
- Must prepare and adopt an impact fees facilities plan
- Revenue must be maintained in separate interest bearing accounts
- Revenue must be encumbered or spent within 6 years of collection
- Revenue can be used to reimburse prior capacity expansions
- City must file an annual report with the audit
TYPES OF IMPACT FEES AUTHORIZED
- Water
- Wastewater
- Stormwater
- Electric power
- Parks and trails
- Transportation
- Public safety facilities
CONSULTANT MUST CERTIFY
- Fees include only allowable projects and allowable costs
- No O&M expenses included
- Projects funded will not raise existing service levels
- No overhead expenses included
- Fees are offset by any additional revenue sources like grants
- Study complies in each and every relevant respect with the Impact Fees
Act
POLICY QUESTIONS
- Who should bear the cost of new growth? – All on new growth, some on new growth or none on new growth
- Should impact fees be more geographically limited? – More transparent, but harder to manage and spend in time limits
- How often should fees be updated? – All at once or one at a time?
- What is the role of competitive forces in the market? – Impact fees can affect the rate of development in a community